Kazakhstan’s insufficient geological exploration and the underutilization of its underground resources have long been subjects of discussion among experts. According to renowned geologist and Corresponding Member of the Academy of Mineral Resources of Kazakhstan, Olzabai Ismailov, the key reasons for this situation include limited funding, a shortage of qualified personnel, and inconsistencies in legislation.

Ismailov states that the annual budget allocated to the geology sector is only 8-12 billion tenge, whereas an effective geological exploration program requires at least 70-80 billion tenge. In comparison, Australia spends $70-80 per square meter, while Kazakhstan allocates only $3-6 per square meter.

Ismailov points out that foreign investors are reluctant to invest in estimated mineral resources due to the high risks involved. Only 20-30% of forecasted reserves are typically confirmed, leading investors to hesitate. He suggests that the government should support exploration activities to minimize risks and attract investors.

In the 1990s and 2000s, the geology profession was unpopular and underpaid, leading to a shortage of specialists. Ismailov emphasizes the need to support institutions like Satpayev University in Almaty and the Semey College. He also proposes opening a geology faculty at the Astana branch of Moscow State University to train new experts.

Ismailov argues that inconsistencies between mining, environmental, and land laws create difficulties for investors. Lengthy and complex licensing processes further discourage investment. To address this, he suggests harmonizing relevant legislation and streamlining the licensing process.

To enhance Kazakhstan’s geology sector, Ismailov stresses the need for increased government support, stronger educational institutions, and improved legislation. If these steps are taken, Kazakhstan can better utilize its underground resources, contributing significantly to the national economy.