On December 10, 1994, Kazakhstan and Russia signed a historic agreement to lease the Baikonur Space Complex. This agreement preserved and enabled the development of the world’s first cosmodrome.

Today, 30 years later, Baikonur remains a symbol of international cooperation. Kazakhstan owns the entire complex infrastructure, leasing it to Russia for space programs. The complex includes 9 launch pads, an oxygen-nitrogen plant, airfields, and over 4,000 buildings.

Kazakhstan is also advancing its own projects at Baikonur. The “Baiterek” project focuses on launching environmentally friendly “Soyuz-5” rockets. Joint efforts by Kazakhstan and Russia ensure the preservation of Baikonur as a scientific and technical hub.

The city of Baikonur, formerly Leninsk, has undergone modernization with schools, hospitals, and residential buildings. Kazakhstan continues to implement gasification, water supply projects, and tourism development.

As Baikonur prepares to celebrate its 70th anniversary in 2025, it stands as a global symbol of space collaboration and innovation.